One of the main stumbling blocks in the ongoing Ecumenical Dialog
between Roman Catholic church and the Orthodox Churches is the primacy
of the bishop of Rome. Difference in view on this particular issue lies
in the way each sees the figure of the Pope and how he should exercise
his authority. Although endless discussions can be held to prove each
other prospective the real difference is not as crucial as one may see
it.
Pope as successor of Peter
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Parties on
either side side agree on this one. While there may have been some
discussions in the past over the nature of Peter's leadership among the
apostles, there are plenty of Biblical and historical evidence pointing
to the fact that Peter indeed was seen as the leader of the twelve, who
gave his live in martyrdom while leading the church of Rome.
Many
Orthodox object to this title since it reflects the nature of the
pope's jurisdiction. In the Orthodox church, while bishops and
patriarchs are united in faith each exercises his own authority over
their particular churches. Never the less this is is not irreconcilable
difference, since within the Catholic church there are Eastern Catholic
Churches that enjoy the same kind of jurisdiction and although united
with the Pope of Rome, these churches are governed by their local Synod
of Bishops and in cases the decisions made by these churches are sent to
the Pope of Rome to seek his consent which is slightly different from
asking permissions. "First Among Equals" is possible solution to
reconcile this difference.
The
doctrine of the papal infallibility was defined by the First Vatican
Council in 1870. While view of the Orthodox Church concerning the Pope's
infallibility may differ, it should be said that all orthodox church
are in agreement that the Holy Spirit will prevent the Church from
falling into error. Many Orthodox theologians agree that first seven
ecumenical councils. From this point of view theres room for common
ground between both views. While doctrine of Pope's infallibility
remains in force in the Roman Catholic church, it is exercised on rare
occasions and only in concern of major moral or theological teaching of
the Church.